引言   友善列印

所謂生物催化(Biocatalysis)乃為利用自然界生物中的酵素或其他具催化能力的生物分子進行催化反應。生物催化劑廣泛存在生物系統中。酵素為最為人熟知的生物催化劑。另外，核糖核酸(RNA)亦已知是一種兼有遺傳信息的傳遞及生物催化功能的生物大分子。一般而言，生物酵素均具有高度反應專一性及產物立體位向選擇性。人類早在6000年前即已知道利用酵母菌發酵釀酒。約一百年前化學家即已開始利用生物催化的方法進行有機反應。由於生物催化劑具有類似有機金屬錯合物的催化能力，但無重金屬汙染問題，近年來其重要性不斷提昇。尤其在不能有金屬殘留的新藥合成及開發上，生物催化更常扮演重要角色。
 
書籍
Biocatalysis in the Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Industries — Patel, Ramesh N.USA.(2007), 893 pp.Publisher: (CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, Fla.). Review biocatalyst pharmaceutical biotechnol industry.
Green Chemistry and Catalysis — The first book to focus on catalytic processes from the viewpoint of green chemistry presents all the important aspects. Written by Roger A. Sheldon and his co-workers, the result is an indispensable source for scientists looking to improve catalysis in both college and industry.
Sheldon, Roger Arthur / Arends, Isabel / Hanefeld, Ulf 1. Edition

Biotransformations in Organic Chemistry:A Textbook / Faber, Kurt —本書提供詳盡生物催化相關有機反應 。

Biocatalysis Bommarius, Andreas Sebastian / Riebel, Bettina R — 由生物化學的觀點出發，有較詳細的生物催化發展歷程，實際例子及相關物理方法的細述。
   
Review Articles
Computational Design of Enzymes — Sterner, Reinhard; Merkl, Rainer; Raushel, Frank M.Chemistry & Biology, 2008, 15, 421-423. The de novo design of enzymes with activities not found in natural biocatalysts is a major challenge for molecular biology. Sophisticated computational methods have recently led to impressive progress in this exciting and rapidly evolving field.
Heme-iron Oxygenases: Powerful Industrial Biocatalysts? — Julsing, Mattijs K.; Cornelissen, Sjef; Buehler, Bruno; Schmid, Andreas.Current Opinion in Chemical Biology, 2008, 12, 177-186. The question of whether cytochrome P 450 enzymes are powerful industrial biocatalysts is discussed.
Enzymatic Synthesis of Optically Active Tertiary Alcohols: Expanding the Biocatalysis Toolbox — Kourist, Robert; Dominguez de Maria, Pablo; Bornscheuer, Uwe T .ChemBioChem 2008, 9, 491-498. This minireview describes the state of the art in this area, highlighting aspects of basic academic research into the practical application of biocatalysts for the synthesis of optically active tertiary alcohols.
Biocatalysis in Supercritical Fluids, in Fluorous Solvents, and under Solvent-Free Conditions — Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 2786-2820. Helen R. Hobbs and Neil R. Thomas
Biocatalysis in Ionic Liquids — Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 2757-2785. Fred van Rantwijk and Roger A. Sheldon .
Recent Advances in Developing Chemoenzymatic Processes for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients — Org. Process Res. Dev., 2007, 11(2), 259-267. Junhua, T.; Zhao, L.; Ran, N.
Biocatalysis for pharmaceutical intermediates: the future is now — Trends in Biotechnology
Volume 25, Issue 2, February 2007, Pages 66-73 . David J. Pollard and John M. Woodley
Nitrilase and Its Application as a Green Catalyst — Chemistry & Biodiversity 18 Dec 2006, Volume 3, Issue 12, Pages 1279 - 1287
Environmental biocatalysis: from remediation with enzymes to novel green processes — Trends in Biotechnology, Volume 24, Issue 6, June 2006, Pages 281-287. Miguel Alcalde, Manuel Ferrer, Francisco J. Plou and Antonio Ballesteros
Center for Bioremediation — 對有機污染物，金屬及無機化合物等生物降解的相關訊息。
   
Databases/Expert System
EzCatDB---A Database of Enzyme Catalytic Mechanisms — The EzCatDB database analyzes and classifies enzyme catalytic mechanisms on the basis of information from literature and data that are derived from entries in the Protein Data Bank (PDB). Each data set contains corresponding enzyme information, such as E.C. number, PDB entries with their annotated ligand information and active site residues, information on catalytic mechanisms, and links to other databases, such as Swiss-prot, CATH, KEGG, PDBsum, and PubMed.
BRENDA ---The Comprehensive Enzyme Information System — BRENDA is the main collection of enzyme functional data available to the scientific community. It is available free of charge for via the internet (www.brenda-enzymes.info) and as an in-house database for commercial users (requests to our distributor Biobase)
The University of Minnesota Biocatalysis / Biodegradation Database — 明尼蘇達大學的生物催化及生物分解資料庫，可以化合物或微生物的名稱查詢。
Bioremediation Discussion Group — 生物降解的討論群。
The National Institute of Standards and Technology — 美國科學技術研究所酵素資料庫
Enzyme Nomenclature Database — 酵素命名資料庫
The Comprehensive Enzyme Information System — 德國的酵素資訊系統
Integrated Enzyme Databas — 歐洲生物資訊研究所的整合酵素資料庫
CAZy (Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes) — 醣類分子相關酵素資料庫。
International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB) — 國際生物暨分子生物學網站
MEROPS - The Peptidase Database — 蛋白切割酵素資料庫網站。
Restriction Enzyme Database (REBASE) — 核酸切割?資料庫。
   
Conferences

2nd European Process Intensification Conference — Venice - Italy, 14 - 17 June 2009

2nd International IUPAC Conference on Green Chemistry — Sep 14, 2008 - Sep 20, 2008 St.Petersburg Russia

Biotrans 2009. July 5-9, 2009. Berne, Switzerland. —Biotrans takes place every two years in Europe with attendance of 500-600 participants from academia and industry, focusing on applied and fundamental aspects of biocatalysis. Topics: Directed Evolution and Screening, Metabolic Engineering, Biotransformations in Organic Synthesis, Bioinformatics, Modeling, and Mechanisms, Carbohydrate Active Enzymes, Industrial Applications http://89.207.232.22/~biotrans/docs/Biotrans2009_FLYER.pdf

5th International Conference on Enviromental Catalysis — Belfast, Northern Ireland. 31st Augustto 3rd September 2008
1st International Congress on Green Process Engineering —Toulouse, France - 24-26 April 2007
BIO International Convention — May 06-09, 2007 Boston, MA, USA
International Conference "Biocatalysis - 2007. Structure, functions, applications" — Moscow, St.-Petersburg, Russia June, 17 - 22, 2007
12ACC International Symposium on Environmental and Green Chemistry (EGC) 2007 — Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia - 23-25 August 2007
Europacat VIII: European Congress on Catalysis — Turku/Abo, Finnland, 26.Aug 2007 - 31.Aug 2007
  more...
 
Research Center
The University of Iowa, the Center for Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing — info and conference for biocatalyst, The Center for Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing
Centre for Environmental Research in the University of Limerick in Ireland — Centre for Environmental Research in the University of Limerick in Ireland Info and symposium info
( http://www.ul.ie/~cer)
   
Company
Athena Enzyme Systems — A companys website that makes enzyme systems
Bio-organic Catalysts — Website of bio-organic catalysts
   
Organization
Biocatalyst Society of Japan — Biocatalyst society of Japan, website, including info and symposiums
   
Government
Biotechnology Research Institute-Environment — 加拿大生物科技研究所網站，主要在發展新型態的生物催化系統及生物程序。
   
Blog
Bioconversion Blog — 生物轉換為可替代性能源及相關物質轉換的網站。
   
 
 
 
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